A bleaching agent is a substance that is used to whiten or lighten a material, typically by removing color pigments. It works by oxidation or other chemical reactions that break down the structure of the colored matter and return it to its original form, which is colorless. Bleaching agents are commonly used in laundry detergents, hair products, and skin care treatments for lightening dark spots or stains on clothes, hair, or skin. Some common bleaching agents include hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite (bleach), and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).